Bluetooth is an open standard to wirelessly transmit data or audio over a short range of wireless connectivity. Bluetooth has frequency band of 2.4 - 2.484 GHz unlicensed ISM and using RF (radio frequency technology).
Bluetooth Signal
· Reason for selecting the Frequency Band:
It uses frequency hopping Spread-spectrum (FHSS). The reason behind this was that it does not interfere with other signals and whenever it is a chance of sharing bandwidth with other devices it switches its radio frequencies so fast and packets are so small that interference is not likely.
The Coexistence Problem
· Security Modes for Bluetooth:
There are four security modes between two devices for Bluetooth access:
v Mode 1:
The mode 1 is non-secure mode and is supported by Bluetooth 2.0 + EDR and earlier.
v Mode 2:
In this mode there is a security manager who has control over particular devices and services and also manages policies for interfaces with other devices and protocol. All devices can support this mode.
v Mode 3:
In mode 3, before the establishment of any physical link the device starts security procedures. Devices that support mode 3 follow Bluetooth 2.0 + EDR and below.
v Mode 4:
Mode 4 is supported by Bluetooth v2.1 + EDR. After the setup of link, the security process starts.
To protect the services there are three requirements of securities in mode 4:
o Authenticated link key required
o Unauthenticated link key required
o No security required
· Security Issues:
The recent security issues are:
v Bluejacking:
This is not a serious malicious security problem, but there are some issues with this most common is to enable from someone’s Bluetooth and send their data on the other person’s phone.
v Bluebugging:
In bluebugging a phone can be accessed by hackers remotely and can use its features. This form of Bluetooth security issue allows hackers to remotely access a phone and use features in it.
v Bluesnarfing:
In this security problem information can be accessed by any wireless device by using Bluetooth connection.
· Difference Between Bluetooth and 3G:
The main differences between Bluetooth and 3G cellular systems are that Bluetooth has very limited access while 3G systems has large range and can be accessed on those cellular devices which have configured their networks for 3G. Secondly the frequency range for Bluetooth is 2.4 GHz – 2.484 GHz and for 3G is 400 MHz to 300 GHz. Bluetooth is used for transmitting data and audio and 3G is used for calls made wirelessly, using internet on mobile, video calls and many others. Bluetooth Transfer rate is 721Kbps and transfer rate of 3g is 200Kbps. 3G has less security systems as compared to Bluetooth.
· Difference Between Bluetooth and Wi-Fi (802. 11g):
The main differences between the Wi-Fi (802. 11g) and Bluetooth are that the bandwidth of Bluetooth is 800kbps while Wi-Fi (802. 11g) has 54Mbps. Range of Wi-Fi (802. 11g) is 32 meters for indoors and for outdoor it is 95 meters (300 ft). Bit rate of Bluetooth is2.1Mbps and for 3G it is 600Mbps. The latency is 150ms for Wi-Fi (802. 11g) and 200ms for Bluetooth. Power consumption is low in case of Bluetooth and high in case of Wi-Fi (802. 11g).
· Conclusion:
Bluetooth technology is used for short range communication like sending data and audio and has frequency range of 2.4Mhz.and in this band chances of interference are unlikely. There are four modes of operation supported by different Bluetooth versions. Many security issues are faced in Bluetooth like bluebugging, bluejacking and bluesnarfing. The difference between Bluetooth and other wireless technology like 3G and Wi-Fi are that bandwidth, range, latency, bit rate, power consumption in Bluetooth are low as compared to 3G and Wi-Fi (802. 11g).
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